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Japanese verb conjugation chart

Japanese verbs fall into three groups: ichidan (る-verbs like 食べる - drop る, attach the ending), godan (う-verbs like 飲む - the final syllable shifts along its consonant row), and the two irregulars する and 来る. The chart below conjugates one exemplar for every ending, so any verb you meet follows one of these patterns. Kanji first, kana alongside.

食べる たべる · to eat - Ichidan (る-verb)

FormConjugation
Polite (ます)
Te-form (て)
Past (た)
Negative (ない)
Past negative (なかった)
Potential (can do)
Passive
Causative (make/let do)
Volitional (let’s)
Conditional (たら)
Conditional (ば)
Progressive (ている)
Want to (たい)

買う かう · to buy - Godan (う-verb)

FormConjugation
Polite (ます)
Te-form (て)
Past (た)
Negative (ない)
Past negative (なかった)
Potential (can do)
Passive
Causative (make/let do)
Volitional (let’s)
Conditional (たら)
Conditional (ば)
Progressive (ている)
Want to (たい)

書く かく · to write - Godan (う-verb)

FormConjugation
Polite (ます)
Te-form (て)
Past (た)
Negative (ない)
Past negative (なかった)
Potential (can do)
Passive
Causative (make/let do)
Volitional (let’s)
Conditional (たら)
Conditional (ば)
Progressive (ている)
Want to (たい)

泳ぐ およぐ · to swim - Godan (う-verb)

FormConjugation
Polite (ます)
Te-form (て)
Past (た)
Negative (ない)
Past negative (なかった)
Potential (can do)
Passive
Causative (make/let do)
Volitional (let’s)
Conditional (たら)
Conditional (ば)
Progressive (ている)
Want to (たい)

話す はなす · to speak / to talk - Godan (う-verb)

FormConjugation
Polite (ます)
Te-form (て)
Past (た)
Negative (ない)
Past negative (なかった)
Potential (can do)
Passive
Causative (make/let do)
Volitional (let’s)
Conditional (たら)
Conditional (ば)
Progressive (ている)
Want to (たい)

待つ まつ · to wait - Godan (う-verb)

FormConjugation
Polite (ます)
Te-form (て)
Past (た)
Negative (ない)
Past negative (なかった)
Potential (can do)
Passive
Causative (make/let do)
Volitional (let’s)
Conditional (たら)
Conditional (ば)
Progressive (ている)
Want to (たい)

遊ぶ あそぶ · to play / hang out - Godan (う-verb)

FormConjugation
Polite (ます)
Te-form (て)
Past (た)
Negative (ない)
Past negative (なかった)
Potential (can do)
Passive
Causative (make/let do)
Volitional (let’s)
Conditional (たら)
Conditional (ば)
Progressive (ている)
Want to (たい)

飲む のむ · to drink - Godan (う-verb)

FormConjugation
Polite (ます)
Te-form (て)
Past (た)
Negative (ない)
Past negative (なかった)
Potential (can do)
Passive
Causative (make/let do)
Volitional (let’s)
Conditional (たら)
Conditional (ば)
Progressive (ている)
Want to (たい)

帰る かえる · to return home - Godan (う-verb, looks like る)

FormConjugation
Polite (ます)
Te-form (て)
Past (た)
Negative (ない)
Past negative (なかった)
Potential (can do)
Passive
Causative (make/let do)
Volitional (let’s)
Conditional (たら)
Conditional (ば)
Progressive (ている)
Want to (たい)

する to do - Irregular

FormConjugation
Polite (ます)
Te-form (て)
Past (た)
Negative (ない)
Past negative (なかった)
Potential (can do)
Passive
Causative (make/let do)
Volitional (let’s)
Conditional (たら)
Conditional (ば)
Progressive (ている)
Want to (たい)

来る くる · to come - Irregular

FormConjugation
Polite (ます)
Te-form (て)
Past (た)
Negative (ない)
Past negative (なかった)
Potential (can do)
Passive
Causative (make/let do)
Volitional (let’s)
Conditional (たら)
Conditional (ば)
Progressive (ている)
Want to (たい)

死ぬ しぬ · to die - Godan (う-verb)

FormConjugation
Polite (ます)
Te-form (て)
Past (た)
Negative (ない)
Past negative (なかった)
Potential (can do)
Passive
Causative (make/let do)
Volitional (let’s)
Conditional (たら)
Conditional (ば)
Progressive (ている)
Want to (たい)

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